jenny wheel

1) колесо; колёсико

2) зубчатое колесо, шестерня

3) маховик

4) маховичок

5) штурвал; рулевое колесо

6) шлифовальный круг

7) круговое движение; вращение

8) катить

9) поворачивать

•

- abrasion wheel

* * *

колесо

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

[br]

[br]

[br]

James Hargreaves was first a carpenter and then a hand-loom weaver at Stanhill, Blackburn, probably making Blackburn Checks or Greys from linen warps and cotton weft. An invention ascribed to him doubled production in the preparatory carding process before spinning. Two or three cards were nailed to the same stock and the upper one was suspended from the ceiling by a cord and counterweight. Around 1762 Robert Peel (1750–1830) sought his assistance in constructing a carding engine with cylinders that may have originated with Daniel Bourn, but this was not successful. In 1764, inspired by seeing a spinning wheel that continued to revolve after it had been knocked over accidentally, Hargreaves invented his spinning jenny. The first jennies had horizontal wheels and could spin eight threads at once. To spin on this machine required a great deal of skill. A length of roving was passed through the clamp or clove. The left hand was used to close this and draw the roving away from the spindles which were rotated by the spinner turning the horizontal wheel with the right hand. The spindles twisted the fibres as they were being drawn out. At the end of the draw, the spindles continued to be rotated until sufficient twist had been put into the fibres to make the finished yarn. This was backed off from the tips of the spindles by reversing them and then, with the spindles turning in the spinning direction once more, the yarn was wound on by the right hand rotating the spindles, the left hand pushing the clove back towards them and one foot operating a pedal which guided the yarn onto the spindles by a faller wire. A piecer was needed to rejoin the yarns when they broke. At first Hargreaves's jenny was worked only by his family, but then he sold two or three of them, possibly to Peel. In 1768, local opposition and a riot in which his house was gutted forced him to flee to Nottingham. He entered into partnership there with Thomas James and established a cotton mill. In 1770 he followed Arkwright's example and sought to patent his machine and brought an action for infringement against some Lancashire manufacturers, who offered £3,000 in settlement. Hargreaves held out for £4,000, but he was unable to enforce his patent because he had sold jennies before leaving Lancashire. Arkwright's "water twist" was more suitable for the Nottingham hosiery industry trade than jenny yarn and in 1777 Hargreaves replaced his own machines with Arkwright's. When he died the following year, he is said to have left property valued at £7,000 and his widow received £400 for her share in the business. Once the jenny had been made public, it was quickly improved by other inventors and the number of spindles per machine increased. In 1784, there were reputed to be 20,000 jennies of 80 spindles each at work. The jenny greatly eased the shortage of cotton weft for weavers.

[br]

tr['spɪnɪŋ]

noun

1 (action) hilado; (art) hilandería

\

spinning jenny máquina de hilar

spinning top peonza, trompo

spinning wheel rueca, torno de hilar

• hila s.f.

• hilado s.m.

• hilandería s.f.

N (=act) hilado m ; (=art) hilandería f, arte m de hilar

* * *

spinning ['spɪnɪŋ]

1 noun

(a) Textiles (by hand) filage m; (by machine) filature f

(b) (in fishing) pêche f à la cuiller ou cuillère

2 adjective

(rotating) tournant, qui tourne

►► spinning factory filature f;

spinning jenny jenny f;

spinning mill filature f;

spinning top toupie f;

spinning wheel rouet m

* * *

predenje; preja; predivo; vrtenje (letala) okoli osi;

ki prede; ki rotira, se vrti, kroži

spinning jenny technical stroj za fino predenje

spinning frame technical predilna statva (stroj)

spinning factory — predilnica

spinning machine — predilni stroj

spinning mill — predilnica

spinning top — vrtavka, volk

spinning wheel history kolovrat

1) tess. filatura f.

2) pesc. sport spinning m.

modificatore tess. [thread, wool] da filare

* * *

* * *

A n. [u]

1 (ind. tess.) filatura: wool spinning, la filatura della lana

2 (mecc.) imbutitura su tornio; repussaggio

3 rotazione; moto rotatorio

4 ( tecnica di pesca sportiva) spinning; pesca al lancio

5 ( ginnastica) spinning: spinning cycle, cyclette per spinning

B a.

● (stor., tecn.) spinning jenny, giannetta; filatoio multiplo □ spinning machine, (ind. tess.) filatoio meccanico; (mecc.) tornio per imbutire □ spinning mill, filanda □ ( pesca) spinning reel, mulinello □ ( pesca) spinning rod, canna da lancio □ spinning top, trottola □ (stor.) spinning wheel, filatoio a mano; filarello.

* * *

1) tess. filatura f.

2) pesc. sport spinning m.

modificatore tess. [thread, wool] da filare